Google is celebrating the 104th birthday of Dorothy Hodgkin, renowned British biochemist, who is credited with the development of protein crystallography.
Dorothy Hodgkin was born Dorothy Mary Crowfoot on 12 May 1910 in Cairo, Egypt, to parents John Winter Crowfoot, archaeologist and classical scholar, and Grace Mary Crowfoot nee Hood. Dorothy spent first four years of her life in the English expatriate community in Egypt, returning to England only a few months each year. After World War I, her mother decided to stay home in England for one year and educate her children.
Encouraged by her mother, Dorothy Crowfoot developed a passion for chemistry from a young age. At age 18 she started studying chemistry at Somerville College, Oxford. She studied for a PhD at the University of Cambridge under the guidance of John Desmond Bernal. This is where she discovered the potential of X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of proteins, working with Bernal on the technique's first application to analysis of a biological substance, pepsin.
In 1937, Dorothy married Thomas Lionel Hodgkin, and took his last name.
Dorothy Mary Hodgkin advanced the technique of X-ray crystallography, a method used to determine the three-dimensional structures of biomolecules. In 1945, working with C. H. (Harry) Carlisle, she published the first 3D stricture of a steroid, cholesteryl iodide. Other influential discoveries by Hodgkin inclu.
Google is celebrating the 104th birthday of Dorothy Hodgkin, renowned British biochemist, who is credited with the development of protein crystallography.
Dorothy Hodgkin was born Dorothy Mary Crowfoot on 12 May 1910 in Cairo, Egypt, to parents John Winter Crowfoot, archaeologist and classical scholar, and Grace Mary Crowfoot nee Hood. Dorothy spent first four years of her life in the English expatriate community in Egypt, returning to England only a few months each year. After World War I, her mother decided to stay home in England for one year and educate her children.
Encouraged by her mother, Dorothy Crowfoot developed a passion for chemistry from a young age. At age 18 she started studying chemistry at Somerville College, Oxford. She studied for a PhD at the University of Cambridge under the guidance of John Desmond Bernal. This is where she discovered the potential of X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of proteins, working with Bernal on the technique's first application to analysis of a biological substance, pepsin.
In 1937, Dorothy married Thomas Lionel Hodgkin, and took his last name.
Dorothy Mary Hodgkin advanced the technique of X-ray crystallography, a method used to determine the three-dimensional structures of biomolecules. In 1945, working with C. H. (Harry) Carlisle, she published the first 3D stricture of a steroid, cholesteryl iodide. Other influential discoveries by Hodgkin inclu
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The internet giant Google celebrates the 104th birthday of British scientist Dorothy Hodgkin with a doodle of X-ray crystallography of biological molecules, which she developed in 1945.
The Egypt-born scientist solved the structure of cholesterol in 1937, penicillin in 1946 and vitamin B12 in 1956, for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964.
Hodgkin also deciphered the structure of insulin in 1969.
Born on May 12, 1910 in Cairo, Hodgkin did her PhD at the University of Cambridge, where she learned the potential of X-ray crystallography as the process to determine the structure of proteins.
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Google has celebrated the British chemist Dorothy Hodgkin with a Doodle on its homepage.
Hodgkin, born 12 May 1910, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discovering the molecular structure of vitamin B12, making her at the time only the third woman to win the prize.
She was best known for advancement of the technique of of X-ray crystallography, in which she used large punch-card operated tabulators, early predecessor to the modern computer, to analyse the patterns cast by reflected X-rays.
She used to technique to work out the structure of the penicillin molecule, in 1946. This is the molecule shown in the Google Doodle - an image based on Hodgkin's model, which is on display in the Science Museum in London.
Born in Egypt Dorothy Mary Crowfoot, Hodgkin spent most of her childhood in England. She was fascinated by crystals from a young age and on her sixteenth birthday received a book about using X-rays to analyse crystals which greatly inspired her.
She worked in the field directly on graduating from Oxford, in 1932, first at the University of Cambridge, and then back at Oxford. The work on vitamin B12 that won her the Nobel Prize took her eight years to complete.
In 1937, she married Thomas Lionel Hodgkin, a lecturer and, like her, a committed socialist. She was a member of the Communist party until the invasion of Hungary in 1956, and in 1953 was banned from entering the
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Google, today, commemorates Mary Leakey's 100th birthday anniversary with an attractive doodle. Leakey, a renowned British archaeologist and anthropologist, was born on February 6, 1913 in London, England and is well known for her significant discoveries and exploring the fossils of the ancient hominines. She collaborated with her husband Louis Leakey through a large part of her career and her three sons also entered the same field. She died on December 9, 1996 at the age of 83.
Leakey's discoveries included the fossilised Proconsul skull, an extinct ape that is believed to be ancestor to humans. Another discovery was that of the Zinjanthropus skull, an early hominin, at Olduvai Gorge. She is also credited with developing a system to classify stone tools found at Olduvai as well as discovering Laetoli footprints. Over the course of her career, Leakey wrote four books.
Her passion towards unearthing the fossils was somewhat influenced by John Frere, an antiquarian, and Sheppard Frere, an archaeologist. Moreover, she had a chance to accompany Elie Peyrony during an excavation at Les Eyzies, where she came across collection scrapers and other tools from the dump. It is believed that at this phase her interest in prehistory gradually sparked.
Google's doodle to mark the 100th birth anniversary of Mary Leakey with an image of a female archaeologist working at an excavation site marked with footprints. She is surrounded by
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Commemorating the 100th birthday of the British archaeologist and anthropologist Mary Leakey, Google has posted a doodle on its homepage. The doodle features Mary Leakey on an archaeological site, who looks busy with her excavation work.
The doodle features two Dalmatians as Mary was an animal lover who was almost always accompanied in the field by three or four dalmatians. It also exhibits one of her major discoveries 'the Laetoli footprints', and some tools used in archaeology.
The first and last two letters of the word Google are seen in the backdrop, while Mary Leakey and one of the Dalmatians replace the second O and second G of the word Google, respectively.
Born on February 6 1913, Mary Leakey is widely known for discovering the first fossilised Proconsul skull, an extinct ape now believed to be ancestral to humans, and the robust Zinjanthropus skull at Olduvai Gorge.
Along with her husband Louis Leakey, Mary uncovered the tools and fossils of ancient hominines. She is also credited for developing a system for classifying the stone tools found at Olduvai, and discovering the Laetoli footprints, which received recognition by the public for providing convincing evidence of bipedalism in Pliocene hominids.
In 1933, she was a 20-year-old archaeological illustrator in London when she met Louis Leakey. A married man with two children, Leakey left his family to begin a new life with Mary that revolved around the search for the orig
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n one of its best doodles so far, Google has honoured ace graphic designer Saul Bass on what would have been his 93rd Birthday. Bass is the name behind some of Hollywood and the Western world’s most iconic logos and designs.
The doodle is animated elaborately and features sections on some of Bass’ most loved and remembered credit sequence designs including Anatomy of a Murder and Vertigo. The video is set to the tune of a jazz piece, reminiscent of the old world charms of American cinema.
Why opening sequences? Bass was responsible for revolutionising the way credits were shown before movies in the US. Before Bass, credits were usually simply projected on to the screen. With his innovative designs, he put up credits against an animated backdrop, changing the way opening sequences were perceived in Hollywood.
Bass worked with some of the biggest names in Hollywood like Alfred Hitchcock, Stanley Kubrick, Martin Scorsese and Billy Wilder. In his career that spanned over 40 years, he designed opening sequences for North by Northwest, Psycho, Vertigo, Ocean’s 11 and Goodfellas.
He also designed iconic logos for AT&T Corporation, Girl Scouts of the USA, NCR Corporation, Quaker Oats and more.
Born into a Jewish immigrant family in New York in 1920, Bass studied art part-time at the Art Students League in Manhattan. He started off in Hollywood by doing print work for ads at the age of 20 until he collaborated w
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Watch Google doodles Léon Foucault's pendulum for his 194th birthday Video
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November 7, 2013 is the 125th birth anniversary of one of India's most prominent scientists CV Raman and Google has highlighted on its India home page the work for which the physicist won a Nobel. The postage-stamp-like Google doodle celebrating CV Raman's birthday has Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman's (his full name) face appearing behind the letter G and on the adjacent stamp to the right the other letters in the Google logo demonstrate the Raman effect.
It was in 1928 that he discovered the phenomenon now called Raman scattering that is the result of the Raman effect.
Definition of Raman effect on Encyclopedia Britinnica: When a beam of light traverses a dust-free, transparent sample of a chemical compound, a small fraction of the light emerges in directions other than that of the incident (incoming) beam. Most of this scattered light is of unchanged wavelength. A small part, however, has wavelengths different from that of the incident light; its presence is a result of the Raman effect. Raman was knighted by the British monarch in 1929. He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930, becoming the second Indian Nobel laureates after Rabindranath Tagore. In 1933 CV Raman joined the Indian Institute of Science, at Bangalore and headed of the department of physics. He was named director of the Raman Research Institute in 1947.
After India's Independence CV Raman was instrumental in setting up of other prominen
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Google's latest doodle marks the 107th birth anniversary of American marine biologist, author and conservationist, Rachel Louise Carson. Born in 1907, Carson's work was mainly focused in the fields of marine biology, ecology, pesticides and nature writing. Rachel Louise Carson was also credited with bringing global attention to the problems associated with the conservation of the environment.
Rachel Louise Carson was born in Springdale, Pennsylvania and studied at the Chatham University and, later, the John Hopkins University. Her research into the harmful effects of pesticides on marine life came after studying the synthetic pesticides developed during the Second World War.
The doodle shows Rachel Louise Carson, standing amidst a vast expanse of marine and plant life and birds with a notebook, a backpack and a pair of binoculars. Google is written in the middle in a calligraphic font.
Carson's first book, The Sea Around Us, released in 1951 and was a bestseller. It also won her the US National Book Award. Her three books, The Sea Around Us (1951), The Edge of the Sea (1955) and Silent Spring (1962) were described as the Sea Trilogy. Silent Spring (1962) was a landmark as it led to the reversal of the policy on the use of pesticides.
Rachel Louise Carson's efforts were concentrated towards the direct ban of DDT. While she didn't live to see that, in the year 1972 the Environmental Defense Fund and ot
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Educational tools adorn the Google home page on Friday in honour of the Italian educator Maria Montessori on her 142nd birth anniversary.
Montessori is best known for developing an educational system that bears her name and is practised in thousands of schools around the world. The Montessori system of education tries to uncover a child's creative potential and gives emphasis on independence.
Born on August 31, 1870, Maria Montessori was the first Italian woman to get a degree in medicine. She graduated from the University of Rome in 1896.
In 1907 she opened her first preschool for children and its success led to the opening of other Montessori schools. She travelled to different countries, including India, to disseminate her educational system. Maria Montessori was in India from 1939 to 1946.
On May 6, 1952, Montessori died of a cerebral haemorrhage in the Netherlands. She was 81.
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