Nageswara Rao had stood for election in 2004 for the Khammam constituency, but lost to the incumbent Renuka Chowdary by over 100,000 votes.[4]

In May 2009, Nageswara Rao was elected to the Lok Sabha to represent the Khammam constituency, with a majority of 124,949 votes from Khammam constituency defeating Union Minister Renuka Chowdhary.[5]

Nageswara Rao was unanimously elected Telugu Desam Parliamentary Party leader at a meeting held in the presence of the party president N. Chandrababu Naidu in May 2009.[6]

Nageswara Rao is married to Nama Chinnamma, and has two sons and a daughter.[1]

Nama lost in the 2014 Elections.

Nageswara Rao founded the Nama Muthiah Memorial Trust (in memory of his father) to undertake various social service activities for the benefit of the Society in general and development of the local backward areas around the various projects undertaken by Madhucon.

Nama Muthiah Memorial Trust has undertaken the following activities

• Supply of drinking water through tankers in Khammam Urban localities and nearby rural villages and Girijan Thandas.

• Supplying Drinking water in packets during Jatharas and village festivals.

• Undertaking repairs of dried village tanks and digging borewells by using the machinery of Madhucon Granites.

• Digging Borewells for providing water.